New ASIC guide on how to become, and behave as, a registered liquidator

 ASIC, Corporate Insolvency, External administration, Insolvency practices, Regulation  Comments Off on New ASIC guide on how to become, and behave as, a registered liquidator
Mar 022017
 

Registered Liquidators: Registration, disciplinary actions and insurance requirements.

ASIC Regulatory Guide RG258, Issued: 1 March 2017

Australian Securities and Investments Commission:

This guide is for individuals who are or wish to become registered liquidators under … the Corporations Act 2001 …. This guide explains how to apply for registration as a liquidator, including the requirements that must be met to become a registered liquidator. This guide also explains the renewal of registration process, the disciplinary and other actions a registered liquidator may be subject to and our policy on adequate and appropriate insurance.

CLICK HERE to read or download a copy of ASIC’s Regulatory Guide RG 258.

——————————————————

Contents of RG 258

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Feb 252017
 

Melb Uni
Researchers at Melbourne University have issued their third and final report on investigations into insolvency fraud committed through the use of phoenix companies.

The 162 page report, issued on 24 February 2017, is titled Phoenix Activity: Recommendations On Detection, Disruption And Enforcement.

In the Executive Summary the authors state:

Harmful phoenix activity, left unchecked, has the capacity to undermine Australia’s revenue base and the competitive ‘level playing field’. It is wrong that legitimate business operators, paying taxes, wages and other debts, might be driven out of business by those engaging in harmful phoenix activity. Minimising business distrust caused by harmful phoenix activity can lower the cost of finance and make it more widely available. If less tax revenue is fraudulently avoided, the economy and society as a whole benefit. If fewer employee entitlements are lost as a result of harmful phoenix activity, there is likely to be less reliance on the Fair Entitlements Guarantee, freeing up government resources for other purposes.

What was described in earlier reports as “fraudulent phoenix activity” is described in the final report as “harmful phoenix activity”.

CLICK HERE to read and/or download a copy of the report.

The authors are Professor Helen Anderson, Professor Ian Ramsay, Professor Michelle Welsh and research fellow Mr Jasper Hedges.

Their Phoenix Project (“Phoenix Activity: Regulating Fraudulent Use of the Corporate Form”) “seeks to enhance Australia’s economic stability by determining the best methods of addressing fraudulent use of the corporate form without unduly inhibiting its proper use”. The project was launched in 3 years ago.

Analysis and highlights of the report will be posted here in due course.


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Jan 192017
 

drawing-sorry

Boo Hoo

In March 2016 I lodged a submission with the Senate Standing Economics References Committee which is inquiring into penalties for white collar crime in Australia. However, for reasons which remain a mystery (probably just an administrative stuff-up), my submission did not make it to the committee, and so is not published on the Inquiry’s website with the other 139 submissions appearing there (at 19 Jan 2017).

The 139 submissions are listed (and publicly available) on two web pages:

Although my submission didn’t contain any astonishing revelations or brilliant insights, a considerable amount of thought and work went into creating it, and the facts and ideas it contains are probably worth considering. Therefore, I’ve decided to publish most of the submission here, just for the record.(The Senate Committee is due to report by 28 February 2017.)

OFFENCES IN CORPORATE INSOLVENCY

The committee is looking at penalties for white-collar crime in general. The focus of my submission was the field of corporate insolvency and the penalties for white collar crimes committed by directors of insolvent companies. Continue reading »

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Regulating insolvency practitioners: what ASIC aims to achieve in 2016-17

 ASIC, Corporate Insolvency, External administrators, Regulation  Comments Off on Regulating insolvency practitioners: what ASIC aims to achieve in 2016-17
Dec 202016
 

The Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) has a business plan to guide its regulation of insolvency practitioners. In 2016-17 two new projects have been added to the ongoing ones. Here is ASIC’s summary of the plan as published recently on its website …

2016-17 ASIC Business Plan Summary by Sector: Insolvency Practitioners

ASIC Key Projects

ASIC Focus

Stakeholder engagement
Communicating with industry and individual firms to reinforce and articulate standards and expectations (ongoing project)
⚬ Communicating with stakeholders (e.g. through media releases, journal articles, ad-hoc bulletins, regular newsletters), including in relation to surveillance outcomes, to reinforce and articulate standards and expectations

⚬ Releasing key communications, such as:
– Annual report on supervision of registered liquidators
– Monthly insolvency statistics
– Annual report on insolvency statistics

⚬ Engaging with stakeholders, including meeting with individual firms and industry bodies (such as the Australian Restructuring, Insolvency and Turnaround Association (ARITA), Chartered Accountants Australia and New Zealand, CPA Australia, and Australian Financial Security Authority, and other government agencies such as the Australian Taxation Office, Department of Employment and Fair Work Ombudsman

⚬ Participating in and contributing to the Phoenix Taskforce and the Serious Financial Crime Taskforce

Information for registered liquidators and other stakeholders (new project) ⚬ Working closely with industry to further develop guidance and lift standards of conduct

⚬ Reviewing existing ASIC guidance to reflect law reform and improving existing creditor and other stakeholder information published by ASIC

⚬ Reviewing and improving what information registered liquidators currently report to facilitate the assessment and, where appropriate, investigation of reports of alleged misconduct

Registered liquidators’ independence and remuneration (new project) ⚬ Independence (including referral relationships with pre-insolvency advisors) and remuneration (including adequacy of disclosure and reasonableness); anticipated to continue into 2017-18
Surveillance of high-risk registered liquidators (ongoing project) ⚬ Misconduct resulting from conflicts of interest, incompetence and improper gain
Ensuring compliance with statutory lodgements obligations and publication of notices requirements (ongoing project) ⚬ Reviewing registered liquidator outstanding statutory lodgements and publication of notices (including insolvency and external administration related notices) on the ASIC published notices website to identify systemic non-compliance
Lodgement of annual statements (ongoing project) ⚬ Reviewing all annual statements from registered liquidators to detect non-compliance with the requirements to maintain registration, including identification of potential competence concerns
Transactional reviews (ongoing project) ⚬ Undertaking reviews identified through referrals, and responding to identified concerns including:
– inappropriate relationships between registered liquidators and pre-insolvency advisers
– inadequate declarations of relevant relationships and indemnities
– inadequate remuneration disclosure
Investigate and where appropriate take administrative or court action (ongoing project) ⚬ Investigating and taking action against registered liquidator misconduct, as identified through surveillances and referrals
Policy advice
Support development and implementation of key Government law reforms and other initiatives (ongoing project)
⚬ Advising Government on proposed insolvency reforms (including proposed reforms in the Government’s National Innovation and Science Agenda) and implementing the Insolvency Law Reform Act 2016, including engaging with Treasury, industry and professional bodies, introducing new guidance and implementing IT and business process changes

⚬ Delivering an enhanced ASIC Form 507 Report as to Affairs (RATA), including stakeholder consultation, to provide better information to facilitate the conduct of external administrations and improve reporting to creditors

⚬ Liaising with Treasury and industry/professional bodies regarding the Government’s proposals/reforms to facilitate corporate restructure (a ‘safe harbour’ and voiding of ipso facto clauses) from the Productivity Commission (in recommendations from its inquiry report into business set-up, transfer and closure) and the Government’s National Innovation and Science Agenda

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Levy on registered liquidators and other “industries” to help fund ASIC

 ASIC, Corporate Insolvency, External administrators, Regulation  Comments Off on Levy on registered liquidators and other “industries” to help fund ASIC
Dec 022016
 

….(UPDATE to post – 1 April 2017: In an email on 24 March 2017, Adrian Brown, leader of ASIC’s Insolvency Practitioners Team, informed practitioners that following a consultation process ASIC has worked with Treasury “to develop an alternative option for the Minister’s consideration”. The alternative option includes halving the fixed annual levy to $2,500.)….

….(SECOND UPDATE to post – 10 May 2017: The proposed fixed annual levy is now $2500 – SEE MY NEW POST.

A refined proposal for a government levy on registered liquidators – intended to recover costs incurred by the ASIC in regulating them – has been released as part of a Treasury consultation paper titled Proposed Industry Funding Model for the Australian Securities and Investments Commission – November 2016.

treasury consult banner

The proposal in brief

Each registered liquidator would pay a minimum, fixed annual levy of $5,000. On top of that the liquidator would be required to pay an activity-based levy – estimated to be $550 per appointment – for each external administration appointment in the financial year.

External administration appointments includes appointment as a controller, provisional liquidator, liquidator, voluntary administrator or administrator of a deed of company arrangement.

Special rules and adjustments are to apply where registered liquidators are appointed jointly and where an external administration appointment transitions from one type of external administration to another.

The paper states that there are 710 registered liquidators and the levies are aimed at recovering ASIC regulatory costs of $8.5 million.(Supporting attachment to the Government’s Proposals Paper, Table 8)

(More details of the proposal are supplied below, under the heading Extracts from the Consultation paper.)

What the liquidators’ professional association thinks

The Australian Restructuring Insolvency & Turnaround Association (ARITA) opposes the proposed quantum of the levy. In a statement on its website on 9 November ARITA describes the ASIC user-pays funding model for registered liquidators as “highly controversial”. It says:

“ARITA remains strongly of the view that the quantum per practitioner is excessive in every respect and will cause significant harm to the structure of the profession, regardless of the methodology used” , adding that “the quantum is completely disproportionate to other similar profession’s fees”.

ARITA’s detailed analysis and critique of the proposal will be made in a submission to Treasury, due by December 16.

Passing on cost of the per-appointment part of the levy to clients

Continue reading »

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Liquidators begin Public Examination of Queensland Nickel’s downfall

 Corporate Insolvency, Insolvency Law, Insolvent Trading, Shadow Directors  Comments Off on Liquidators begin Public Examination of Queensland Nickel’s downfall
Sep 052016
 

NEWS REPORT FROM The Australian ON MORNING OF 5 SEPTEMBER 2016 ……………………………………………..

Clive Palmer faces Federal Court grilling over Queensland Nickel collapse

By Sarah Elks, Queensland political reporter, The Australian, September 5, 2016, 10:29AM.

Clive Palmer demanded weekly cash flow statements for Queensland Nickel (QN) be delivered to him in hard copy because he was “concerned about espionage”.

Former chief financial officer Daren Wolfe has told the Federal Court public examination into the collapse of the Townsville company that Mr Palmer had an “active interest” in the business during 2015, before it fell into voluntary administration in January.

Mr Palmer is alleged to have acted as a shadow director, a claim he denies.

Mr Wolfe told the court weekly and monthly financial documents were prepared about the health of the company. He said Mr Palmer asked for the data in hard copy, not via email. Asked why, by Tom Sullivan QC for special purpose liquidators PPB Advisory, Mr Wolfe said: “He had concerns about espionage”.

Mr Wolfe said Mr Palmer was required to sign off on any expenditure for Queensland Nickel over $10,000 — even when he was not a director of the company.

When Mr Palmer entered politics as an MP in 2013, Mr Palmer described himself as a fulltime politician and retired from business.

When QN collapsed, Mr Palmer said he was not involved in the day-to-day running of the business. However, the Federal Court has heard there was a practice within QN for Mr Palmer to have final say on expenditure even when he was not formally a director.

Palmer fronts court

After two failed attempts to avoid being publicly interrogated over the collapse of his Queensland Nickel company, self-proclaimed billionaire Clive Palmer must front court today over the corporate failure.

The resources tycoon, QN’s former chief financial officer Daren Wolfe, and the refinery’s former managing director of operations, Ian Ferguson, have been summoned to appear this morning in the Federal Court in Brisbane to face public examination. In hearings scheduled to last a fortnight, the three will be quizzed about the Townsville company’s downfall, which left creditors up to $300 million out of pocket and almost 800 workers without jobs. The federal government had to step in with $68m to cover the redundancy entitlements of Mr Palmer’s former employees.

Lawyers instructed by special- purpose liquidators PPB Advisory will lead the questioning, which will focus on whether a claim can be launched against QN’s director, Mr Palmer’s nephew Clive Mensink, and Mr Palmer as alleged shadow director, for insolvent trading.

The special-purpose liquidators have also been told to investigate QN’s historical affairs and possible claims against its parent companies, QNI Metals and QNI Resources, both ultimately controlled by Mr Palmer.

Mr Palmer denies he acted as a shadow director and both men deny any wrongdoing.

Mr Mensink is overseas and has not yet been served with a summons.

Mr Palmer could also be interrogated about his personal assets, such as property, as liquidators seek funds that might be distributed to creditors.

Under the Corporations Act, examinees are entitled to claim privilege against self-incrimination before each answer. That does not shield the witnesses from answering a question, but prevents their answers being used against them as evidence in future criminal or civil proceedings, apart from perjury. The Australian understands the strategy is used commonly by witnesses in public examinations, particularly directors or former directors of failed companies.

Mr Palmer did not respond to questions from The Australian yesterday.

The former federal MP for Fairfax, who stood down before this year’s election, twice tried and failed to avoid the public examination. Both attempts were dismissed by Federal Court judges, who said the hearings were in the public interest.

…………………………………….. END OF NEWS ITEM

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Insolvency practitioners granted more time to prepare for law reforms

 Corporate Insolvency, Insolvency Law, Law reform proposals, Regulation  Comments Off on Insolvency practitioners granted more time to prepare for law reforms
Aug 242016
 

The Australian Restructuring Insolvency & Turnaround Association (ARITA) and The Minister for Revenue and Financial Services, the Hon Kelly O’Dwyer MP, announced on 23 August 2016 that many of the changes to insolvency law that were to be implemented under the Insolvency Law Reform Act 2016 have been postponed from March 2017 to September 2017.


ARITA Announcement

ARITA logo

IPs get more time to prepare for Insolvency Law Reform Act

In a major win by ARITA, the Minister for Revenue and Financial Services has agreed to delay the commencement of a portion of the Insolvency Law Reform Act (ILRA).

This decision will avoid the situation where the profession simply would not have enough time to become compliant with the Act by the scheduled commencement date of 1 March 2017.

We understand that while Parts 1 and 2 of the two new Insolvency Practice Schedules (for Corporations and Bankruptcy) will still commence on 1 March 2017, these parts of the legislation are largely concerned with registration and discipline, and can be easily implemented by the profession.

The Minister has agreed to delay Part 3 of the new Insolvency Practice Schedules which relate to the general rules for the conduct of external administrations and bankruptcies. These provisions will not commence until 1 September 2017.

We also understand that parts of Schedule 3 of the ILRA (very specific provisions dealing with matters such as termination of a DOCA and the relation back day) will also still commence on 1 March 2017.

The Government’s caretaker period during the lengthy election stopped all work on the all-important Insolvency Practice Rules, which is likely to push out their formalisation until December 2016.

This would have meant there was no way firms could adjust their IT systems or complete the necessary extensive staff retraining before the scheduled commencement. This extension simply provides a more reasonable time period for compliance.

These issues were first flagged with Government, agencies and regulators by ARITA prior to the election, and have been the subject of sustained action on our part to drive for a more acceptable commencement time frame.


Minister’s Announcement

Kelly-ODwyer-MP
The Minister for Revenue and Financial Services, the Hon Kelly O’Dwyer MP today announced that the industry is being given more time to implement the Insolvency Law Reform Act 2016 reforms.

This major reform will increase confidence in Australia’s insolvency regime by:

  • improving practitioner registration and disciplinary processes;
  • providing new regulatory powers to ASIC;
  • increasing practitioner insurance requirements;
  • introducing new review and audit processes; and
  • addressing conflicted remuneration and ensuring that offences and penalties are appropriate and proportionate.

“The reforms also ensure that our insolvency processes are modern and efficient – reducing costs, improving timeliness of administrations and improving returns to creditors,” Minister O’Dwyer said.

“Most importantly, the changes will enhance the ability of creditors to terminate underperforming practitioners.

“Given the scale of these reforms industry is being given time to upskill and to update their software systems and business processes before commencement.

“The reforms to insolvency administration processes, to enhance efficiency, improve communication and increase competition, are now scheduled to commence on 1 September 2017.

“We will not defer commencement of those reforms directed at promoting competency and professionalism in the insolvency industry. The practitioner registration and discipline provisions, and enhancements to the ASIC’s powers will commence on 1 March 2017, as planned.

“The Insolvency Law Reform Act represents the Government’s first tranche of insolvency reforms, directed at improving the integrity and efficiency of Australia’s insolvency laws.

“The Government’s second tranche of insolvency reforms will enhance business rescue and support entrepreneurship, and are being progressed as part of the Government’s National Innovation and Science Agenda,” Minister O’Dwyer said.


END OF POST

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Court upholds ATO’s right to access company records held by liquidators

 Corporate Insolvency, Insolvency Law, Taxation Issues  Comments Off on Court upholds ATO’s right to access company records held by liquidators
Feb 112016
 

Illegal Phoenix Squad

Warners case

Speaking of legal disputes between liquidators and the Australian Taxation Office (ATO)*, the ATO achieved victories in July and November 2015 in the Warner case, a case which arose as part of the ATO’s attack on phoenix company activity.
* See my blogs on the Australian Building Systems case .

Warners case is reported in Commissioner of Taxation v Warner [2015] FCA 659 (the first case) and Commissioner of Taxation v Warner (No 2) [2015] FCA 1281 (the second case).

The first Warners case

A case was brought before the Federal Court because the liquidators of a group of nine companies (creditors’ voluntary winding up, June 2013) which owed millions in tax debts refused to comply with demands by the ATO that they produce company documents. Those demands were issued in the course of investigations by the Phoenix Team of the Private Groups and High Wealth Individuals Business Line at the ATO. The basis for the demands was section 264 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 and section 353-10 of Sch 1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953.

The liquidators took the position that section 264 of the ITAA 1936 must be read as subject to section 486 of the Corporations Act 2001, which states that: “The Court may make such order for inspection of the books of the company by creditors and contributories as the Court thinks just, and any books in the possession of the company may be inspected by creditors or contributories accordingly, but not further or otherwise”. The liquidators claimed that the ATO, in common with any other creditor, must obtain a court order under section 486 before it can inspect the companies’ records held by the liquidators.

The Federal Court disagreed. It found that the liquidators were required to grant access to the documents demanded by the ATO, and that section 486 of the Corporations Act did not apply.

The group

At the bottom of this post is a list of the nine companies (known as the TJT group) involved in both the first and second case, showing their names, and former names, and their reported debts to the ATO. According to the Federal Court judge (Perry J) the group’s tax debt is/was “approximately $20 million, even without taking account of TJT (No 1)’s tax liability which is yet to be advised”. As is usually the case in phoenix activity, the companies changed their names several times. It appears from their former names that they were in business as employment, recruitment and/or human resources agents.
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Feb 072016
 

On 6 January 2016 the ATO issued a Decision Impact Statement concerning the High Court judgment in the Australian Building Systems case.

[See my previous post for a discussion of the High Court’s majority decision: Australian Building Systems case: plenty of common sense in the dissenting judgment by Justice Michelle Gordon]

It seems that although the ATO accepts the High Court’s majority decision (as, of course, it must), it’s interpretation of the decision is nuanced, and suggests that it has no intention of giving up on the retention obligation.

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Feb 022016
 

On 3 December 2015 the Insolvency Law Reform Bill 2015 was introduced into Australia’s House of Representatives. The Bill is a newer version of the 2014 draft Bill (Insolvency Law Reform Bill 2014), which was released in November 2014.

Ministerial Summary of the Insolvency Law Reform Bill 2015

The Bill was introduced to Parliament with this speech by Mr Alex Hawke, Assistant Minister to the Treasurer. The following is a copy of his speech. I have added headings to improve readability.
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